Skip to main content

Kumbhalgarh Gogunda: Witness to Turmoil



Okay, so picture this: you’re winding your way up into the Aravallis, just 6km from Kelwara, and suddenly, perched on a cliff, there is a long, invincible wall in sight, that of Kumbhalgarh. I don’t just mean “oh, that’s an old fort, I mean, this is huge. Built by Rana Kumbha (that’s short for Kumbhakarna Singh of Mewar), you can actually see why it’s the second most important fort in all of Mewar. It’s got drama, secrets, heartbreak… basically, if these ancient stones could talk, they’d have more stories than your grandma.

Let’s start from the beginning. After his father, Mokal, was killed, young Kumbha and his mother hid out on this very hill, plotting their comeback. But every time they tried to build here, the walls just wouldn’t stand. The king was stressed, "Do I need a new architect?!" he wondered. Cue the local priests, who sent him off to a saint in Ranakpur. The advice? Not what Kumbha wanted to hear. “You need a human sacrifice to build your fort. I’ll do it. But here’s the deal... don’t talk to me, just follow me. Where I stop first, start the boundary wall; where I stop next, mark the next gate. On my final stop, well, swing the sword. Where my head falls, build a temple for Amba Devi; she’ll protect it all.” Gruesome? Yup. But this is Mewar, land of legends and bloodshed, and finally the second largest continuous wall of the world after the Great Wall of China, stretching 38km across the hills. And it worked: now only about 100 temples of the original 500 or so survive, scattered inside and around the fort’s boundary.

When you first roll up to Kumbhalgarh, you’ll spot the Hanuman temple, complete with actual monkeys, so keep a tight hold on your snacks. The main Pol (gate) is impossibly grand, and the wall just goes… on and on, climbing over green hilltops and down again like a stone snake.

Kumbha’s life had Shakespearean plot twists of its own. While praying at the Eklingji temple in the premises, his own son Udai, also known as Uda, hungry for power, killed him. Kumbha’s other son, Raimal, wasn’t having it. He ousted Udai, ruled instead, and his own son, Sanga the legendary warrior, shifted the capital back to Chittor again, ready to face the Mughals.

One of the fort’s proud claims: the room where Maharana Pratap himself was born (after Udai Singh II, newly restored to the throne, left family here for safety). In fact, while hidden among these walls, Pratap and his siblings made mischief, learned archery, and soaked in these unbeatable mountain views.

Every staircase, every courtyard, feels alive with echoes, just climb up to the Rani Mahal or peek into the faded rooms of the Kumbha and Fateh palaces. The fort’s stables now host old cannons (imagine the sound echoing through these rocky halls), and secret escape routes are winding through to the Rani Mahal, a needed feature for the odd enemy ambush.

And about those walls: Man Singh (Akbar’s general) broke through a weak spot during the Mughal siege after Haldighati. Maharana Pratap later retook the fort and rebuilt that wall, which still stands, patched and proud. After that, Pratap wisely shifted his capital to Chavand; Kumbhalgarh became less central but survived centuries of wars, holding out against Marathas before finally falling to the British.

You’ll find Fateh Singh’s palace in superb shape, but honestly, it’s the atmospheric, slightly crumbling palaces of past Maharanas that steal the show. Not everything is easily accessible. The fort is really more of a fortress-village, with actual people living inside, dusty temples, and peacocks darting through the undergrowth if you’re lucky. Don’t skip the beautiful Neelkanth temple, or the narrow lanes curving between stone houses and ancient shrines.

Time it right, and you’ll catch the evening Light & Sound show at 6 PM (arrive around 3 PM to have time to roam). You’ll actually find villagers herding cows, kids playing cricket, and pigeons roosting in the same courtyards where kings and queens once walked. Somewhere in there, you may just run into your own sense of wonder, and maybe a lost monkey or two.

History buffs: For you, there's a story of significance.

Udai Singh II was saved by Panna Dhai and was brought here in 1535 CE. Some say he remained here in disguise as Asha Shah's nephew, who was then in charge of this fort until 1539, when Jalore's king came to his aid. The chieftains helped him defeat Banbir in 1540. The area is also dotted with spots like the room where Pratap was born, Fateh Palace’s beautiful courtyards, and gardens once used for the secret coronation of Udai Singh II. There’s a spot where a saint was slain (the one who made the fort possible), rooms where Udai Singh and Jaivanta Bai lived with their kids, and even an ancient king’s bath.

So, Kumbhalgarh isn’t just stone and mortar. It’s a living memory. Sure, some of the walkways are blocked off and getting to every temple might turn your calves into stone, but it’s absolutely worth the climb and the blisters. My tip? Linger on those mammoth walls at sunset, gaze down at the rolling hills, and let yourself be taken back 600 years, if only for a few moments.

And if you see three peacocks racing off before you get your phone out, let me know. We can swap stories about hidden kings and missed photo ops. That’s Kumbhalgarh for you, full of secrets, surprises, and echoes of Mewar glory at every turn.

Hanuman Temple. There are monkeys here, too! 


Aerial View of Temples

Way up to the fort used by the Kings

The Mighty walls

The main Pol


This wall was broken and used by Man Singh's army to enter the fort, and was later rebuilt by Maharana Pratap.

The place where the Saint was slain by Rana Kumbha

Kumbha Palace View from below

Ram Pol

Fateh Palace

The one wall rebuilt by Maharana Pratap.

The continuous walls of Kumbhalgarh

Chand Pol

The stable is now used for the cannon exhibition.


Stables of Kumbha Palace, another important event took place in the history of Kumbhalgarh.

Way to Maharana Pratap's Birth Place

A Bath for the King

The main gates


The place where Rana Sanga lived.

The Stairs leading to Jaivanta Bai's room

The house where Udai Singh lived

The room where Maharana Pratap was born

Stairs leading to Maharana Pratap's birthplace


Stables at Fateh Palace

Servant quarters of Kumbha Palace

Stairs leading to Ranimahal, on the Right, were the courtroom, and downstairs were the King and Prince's homes. Some say this is where Kunwar Pratap and Kunwar Shakti stayed till 1543.

The open places just in the middle of the Rani Mahal are said to be used for escape routes.

A broken-down room of the Kumbha Palace

Kumbha Palace and portions built by Rana Sanga, which was Udai Singh's residence.

View from Ranimahal.
After Chittor's siege and Udai Singh's death, Maharana Pratap shifted his capital to Kumbhalgarh. Maan Singh, Akbar's general, visited him thrice in 1573 and 1574 and finally, when he was insulted by Amar Singh in 1576, it resulted in the Haldighati war. After Haldighati, Maan Singh's army marched to Kumbhalgarh, fully aware that Maharana Pratap's army had weakened. The fort fell to the Mughals, while the Royal family, remaining in the fort, escaped to the Bhil Forests. Maharana Pratap gathered his army with Bhahma Shah's help, and his first out of 16 successful attempts was to recapture Kumbhalgarh. Maan Singh, who was a reluctant leader here, now escaped to Achalgarh, where he died in 1614. Maharana Pratap, however, did not stay in this vulnerable fort and shifted his capital to Chavand in the 1580s. The fort lost its importance until the Toda Rajputs fought the Marathas almost 300 Years later, and Kumbhalgarh was then a Maratha stronghold and remained so until the British took over.
Fateh Singh's courtroom
Rana Fateh Singh Ji built a palace here for himself after he signed a treaty with the British for an alliance.
A room in Fateh Palace

Angaan of Fateh Palace with a temple to Lord Shiva.

Kumbha Palace Aangan

View of the stable from one of the Rani Mahal Rooms of Kumbha Palace

Corridor inside Kumbha Palace


The Talab was used for the King's bath.

Road to Kumbha Palace

First Cannons used in Mewar

The Kumbhalgarh Village





The closed area of Gogunda

I will never forget the cold winter night of 23rd November, 2015, when I witnessed the Kumbhalgarh fort lit up atop the Aravalli. The walls of Kumbhalgarh are the first thing that welcomes you into the fort. You walk past the Kumbha Hanuman Temple, where real monkeys welcome you and through the winding road up to the fort. On your way, you find the shrine dedicated to the saint who, as folklore says, sacrificed his life to please the gods before the fort walls could be built. As you stop at the Chand Pol, you can look down upon the Mahakal Temple, where Rana Kumbha was assassinated by his son Uda, the rebuilt fort walls and tower built by Maharana Pratap after Maan Singh's attack, and finally end up at the entrance of the main palace. If you are lucky, you will also spot a few peacocks near the village at the foothill. The Kumbha Palace stands today as a mere skeleton of its former glory, the domes and jharokhas making you imagine the beautiful sight of the temples and walls and the Aravalli beyond it that greeted the queens with a view. Walking across the private bath of the king and the stables, one finds oneself by the steep stairs that lead to the labour room of the queens. Back then, one could enter the room, touch the doorknob and observe the baby bath for the princes. Back then, as I entered the damp room, I was filled with a sudden sense of overwhelm when I realised Pratap was born there. In that very room. The walls and jharokhas, open courtyard and bath still bear the testimony of a prince's early years and a king's early reign. Pratap had to leave the fort after Haldighati. But even when he won it back six years later, he could not stay there. He had a larger agenda in mind. The freedom of the motherland. And his vow to Her. Perhaps the sense of abandonment scarred the walls of the old palace. The later royals built their own palaces close by, the Marathas took over briefly, and finally the British. Kumbhalgarh witnessed the most fascinating chapters of India's history. Its forests were often used by the elite British to hunt leopards, and much of the fort remains unexplored even today, while the world's second-largest wall runs around it.





Popular posts from this blog

The Suta Putra

He was born as the eldest son of the Princess of Kuntibhoj. She was unmarried and had a bright future ahead of her. She did not want to sabotage her life and future for the unwanted child. She wrapped him in a blanket and decided to float him on the River, hoping the Mother Goddess would safely deliver him to someone. His father, the Sun God himself, was sympathetic to her plight and, for the safety of his son, provided him with a set of golden Kavach and Kundal (A set of earrings and a locket/beads/armour) to protect him. These were powerful enough to save him from any weapon. The currents took the baby far away to the land of Hastinapur. The royal charioteer Adhirath and his wife Radha were bathing there and praying to the Sun God for a child. A basket floated past them with a baby in it. They picked the baby up and decided to call him their son. Growing up, he wanted to learn archery and train as a Kshatriya, much to the objection of his parents. He went to Parasurama, the teacher o...

Sisodiya: Kings, Queens and Princes (1538 - 1597)

I am back with another History post, this time it is on the wives and sons of Rana Udai Singh II of Mewar, his son and heir Maharana Pratap and Rana Amar Singh. This is a continuation of the Sisodia Family History I posted some time back. The information has been taken from Annals of Mewar by James Todd, Maharana Pratap by B.N. Rana, and Maharana Pratap by Rima Hooja.  Udai Singh II  was the son of Ranisa Karnawati and Rana Sangram Singh. He was born on 4th August 1 522, at Chittorgarh and died on 28th February 1 572 at Gogunda . He was the Ruler of the Sisodia Dynasty. He is believed to have  56 sons and 2 5 wives, apart from the many insignificant queens in his Rani Mahal. Here is a list of his main queens and their sons. Maharani Jaivanta Bai Songara of Jalore  was his chief queen and consort. Her son is Maharana Pratap. He was married to her before he went to war with Banbir, as her father, Akshayraj Rao, was a friend and ally of his father, Rana Sanga.  Saj...

The Lady Sultan

Indian History, or subcontinental History, is incomplete without speaking of the women who left a mark in their own significant ways. The first woman who comes to mind is perhaps the only woman Sultan to rule Delhi, Raziya (Razia). It’s been over a year since I had been trying to read and understand the mystery of  Raziya Bint Iltutmish . Attributed as the only Woman Muslim Monarch of India, she is a name of many assumptions, imagination and speculations. The few books that have been written on her or the historical accounts of the Slave Dynasty mentioning her have always been about the turbulence of the government and the various rebels and uprisings that took place among the prominent chiefs of Iltutmish, who wanted to rise in power. No documentation or portrayal is found about her look, character or early days from her contemporary times. The only relevant historical book I found solely on her was by Dr Karunapada Dutta, while she finds a chapter in Heroines by Ira Mukhoty or Th...

Maharana Pratap: The Sun of Mewar

Many of you have read my fan fiction as well as historical representations of the life and times of Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar. I provided small details of his life in many articles. But never have I ever made a separate historical post on him. It is very difficult to put together his life without the help of folklore because historical evidence is scarce. This one was requested, and hence here it goes. Needless to say, this one is very special. This is a blend of history and folklore. Leave your love. ❤️ Background and Birth: The year was 1540. Mewar was under a cloud of uncertainty. Banbir, their ruler for four years now, was a very incompetent ruler who always spent his time in luxury, drinking and dancing with girls. The crown prince Udai Singh was rumoured to have been killed by him. Chittorgarh was in darkness. Around March 1540, Mewar once again saw hope as some trusted generals, along with Kunwar Udai Singh, attacked Chittorgarh, taking Banbir by surprise. He was soon t...

The Warrior and Princess

Dasharatha was very protective of his sons. He had got them after almost a lifetime of waiting and yajnas, so they were his lifeline. Ram, the eldest, won hearts with his humble, generous ways. Bharata, the second, was his favourite queen's brave son, and Laxman and Shatrughan were the twins to the lesser queen, who followed their brothers like shadows. They were a peaceful, happy family. Sage Vasistha was their Kulaguru, teaching them the Vedic hymns and the righteous ways of life. The Princes grew up in the luxurious, protected premises of the palace. The King of Mithila, too, was childless. Mother Earth granted him a daughter. Sita grew up learning and curious, followed by the king's second daughter, Urmila and their cousins Mandavi and Shrutakirti. They grew up knowing the natural ways of life, and their father took them to learn from men to know more about man and his natural instincts. The princesses were curious and always questioning the traditions, and the Princes lear...

Chittorgarh: The First Jauhar

The concept of Jauhar holds a profound place in Rajputana history. It is a ritual where Rajput women willingly choose death by jumping into a fire altar, invoking the gods, and embracing honour rather than living under the humiliation of enemy conquest. Unlike Sati, Jauhar was never forced or compulsory; it was considered the most honourable death a Rajputani could choose when their men lost battles and the enemy laid siege. The Historical Setting: Jauhar Gate and Chittorgarh Fort Chittorgarh Fort once housed the palace of Rana Ratan Singh near the famed Vijay Stambh and his Jal Mahal at the fort’s main gate. When Alauddin Khilji invaded Chittor, much of this was destroyed. However, later ruler Rana Kumbha rebuilt the Jal Mahal and re-established the Jauhar Sthal to honour Queen Padmavati (also known as Padmini). Ratan Singh, who ruled Mewar during Khilji’s reign as Sultan of Delhi, was known to be a peace-loving monarch who enjoyed music and poetry. One of his court poets, Ragha...

Mewar: Origin of Guhilots

Origin: Lord Rama had two sons,  Labh  and  Kush . The Ranas of Mewar are descendants of the former. Labh had built his capital at  Lah-Kot (Lahore) , and the branch from which the Mewar blue blood arrives resided there until  Kanaksen  (Often traced as the founder)moved to  Dwarika, Saurashtra.  "Sen" was used as a title term for many decades by this Suryavanshi clan until it later changed to "Dit" or "Aditya", names of the Sun. Aditya was changed to Guhilot permanently after the expulsion from Saurashtra when they settled in the  Ahar  valleys (Aravallis). The  Sisodia  clan sprang from a Prince of Chittoor who had killed a hard chase hare (sissoo in local dialect). The branch often used " Ranawat ", meaning "Royal Blood", as a title, but over time, Sisodia emerged as the retained branch name. Kanaksen wrestled dominance of the Parmar race and founded  Birnagar  in AD 144. Four generations hence,  Vijay Sen ...

Haldighati: The Battlefield

The year was 1576 CE. Four years had passed since Maharana Pratap’s coronation as the ruler of Mewar in 1572 CE. In those years, the land simmered not just with heat but with tension. The Timurid emperor Akbar, determined to fulfil his imperial vision, had sent not one, but three peace emissaries with Man Singh and Bhagwan Das leading them, between 1573 and 1575 CE, offering reconciliation in carefully worded treaties. But the wounds of Chittorgarh’s fall in 1568 CE were fresh for Pratap. With the blood and tears of Jauhar and Saka still alive, with the thousands mercilessly killed, there would be no peace without freedom. Pratap was no ordinary king, to be driven just by his zeal. He was a strategist, steeped as much in statecraft as in pride. When Man Singh came in 1575 CE with yet another offer, he was quick to realise that Akbar was reluctant to an out-and-out battle with Mewar. Pratap chose not to appear himself, sending his heir, Amar Singh, instead, stating that kings met kings...

The Warrior Prince

The Prince was born in Dwarka. He grew up at his Uncle's place, learning the art of weapons from him. He proved a worthy heir to the warrior prince. Wherever he went, he was praised for his archery skills. People said he inherited it from his father, the son of Indra. He also learned to use the Mace and Sword. When he was fifteen, news arrived that his father's exile was over, and he had decided to marry his son to the princess of Matsya. His mother was pleased. The grand wedding followed the preparations for the battle. What excited him most was meeting his father, uncles, Rajmaata Panchali and his cousins for the first time. The young prince spent a few months in the Matsya capital of Viratnagar with his new bride. A few months later... at Kurukshetra... The Battlefield was getting ready. It was the Twelfth Night of the battle, waiting for the Thirteenth day. Bheema Sena had killed twenty of the Kauravas the day before, and he was content. The Pandavas were making battle plan...

The Thirteenth Night

The night of the Bhadra Amavasya saw a funeral pyre in the Pandavas' camp. Wails of the ladies filled the air as the young brave heart was turning into ashes. The ashes lit up a celebration in the Kauravas' camp. Duryodhan, Dushyasan, Shakuni, and Jayadrata all succeeded in their mission. Breaking the Pandavas' backbone, killing their favourite son. Karna joined in the celebrations reluctantly; he had released the boy from the pain. The face kept coming back to him. After all, he was his nephew. He shut his eyes in pain. The air tonight seemed cursed. The pyre burning made the teenage widow run towards it. She had no hope of living without him. Life was already tough; each day, he went to war with a smile on his face. She had already lost her brother. Now she had none to return home to her. "Stop!" His mother pleaded between the wails. "Stop her, someone, please!" None could move. The 13th day of war had turned everyone into stone-cold statues.  "Ut...