Skip to main content

Chittorgarh: The Devoted Fort

Chittorgarh, renowned for its tales of sacrifice and valour, is also a remarkable testimony to secular harmony and religious heritage that flourished over centuries. Beyond battles and sieges, the fort and its surroundings are dotted with numerous temples, talabs (reservoirs), kunds (water tanks), and temple complexes; some intact, others abandoned or in ruins, each narrating stories of devotion, culture, and royal patronage.

The Legend of Meera Bai: Devotion and Defiance

One of the most inspiring figures linked to Chittorgarh’s spiritual legacy is Meera Bai, the saint poetess and princess of Merta. Married in 1513 AD at age 14 to Maharaj Kumar Bhoj Raj Singh Sisodiya, the eldest son of Rana Sanga, her story is one of profound devotion.

As a child, Meera Bai was deeply attached to the idol of Lord Krishna, whom she considered her true husband, an attachment sparked by a childhood curiosity and nurtured with daily conversations and care for the idol. This devotion distanced her from worldly matters early on. After losing her mother at age nine and being cared for by her grandfather, Rao Dudha of Jodhpur, family pressures sought to quell her spiritual fervour through marriage. Bhoj Raj, a lover of music and poetry and a protector of Meera’s faith, became her husband and strongest ally.

While Bhoj Raj encouraged Meera’s bhajans and encouraged her to attend midnight religious gatherings at the Kumbha Shyam Temple complex, tragedy struck in 1526 AD when he died in battle. Rana Sanga, honouring both Meera and his son, built the Krishna Temple, now famously known as the Meera Temple, where Meera spent her days in prayer with her companion Sakhi Lolita.

After Bhoj Raj’s death, internal court conflicts arose, particularly from Vikramaditya Rana Sanga’s younger son, who coveted Meera. To protect her, especially after Rana Sanga's death, Karnavati, Vikramaditya’s mother and Bhoj Raj’s stepmother, escorted Meera out of Chittor through the Suraj Pol. Meera left behind her beloved Girdhaar with Karnavati and journeyed to Merta, then Vrindavan, where she ultimately vanished, believed to have become one with Lord Krishna. Her unwavering devotion remains a timeless message of love and faith from Chittorgarh. The most popular saying in Chittor is that "Luck left Chittorgarh the day Meera Bai was asked to leave, and she had left her Girdhar behind." It is deemed true that not long after a lot many years since she left the fort, the fort was captured by Bahadur Shah in 1535, leading to the Jauhar led by Rani Karnawati.

The Kumbha Shyaam Temple: Architectural and Spiritual Jewel

The Kumbha Shyaam Temple holds a special place in Chittorgarh’s religious landscape. Originally dedicated to Lord Vishnu by Rana Kumbha, the temple later came to honour Krishna through Meera Bai’s profound influence on Vaishnavism. Its intricate carvings portray vivid stories from the Puranas, illustrating mythological narratives with delicate architectural finesse.

The temple was a favoured site where Chittorgarh’s queens performed their daily worship and continues to be a place of active devotion, with pilgrims and locals alike offering prayers.

The Talabs and Kunds: Ancient Reservoirs of History and Myth

Chittorgarh’s Talabs and Kunds, though no longer pristine, are integral to its historical fabric. Notable among them:

  • Mandakini Kund, Bhimlat Kund, and Surya Kund each carry centuries-old associations.

  • The Surya Talab was a royal bathing spot for kings.

  • The Mandakini Kund was venerated by queens.

  • The Vishnu Talab remains a popular site.

  • The Gaumukh Kund, the largest surviving reservoir, is named after the cow-head-shaped water inlet. Located near the Samadhiswara Shiva Temple, itself a site of ancient spiritual significance linked to Mahabharata legends and devotion of Bhim, Arjun, and Draupadi, this Kund is a testament to Chittorgarh’s mystical past.

The Samadhiswara Temple was reconstructed by Rana Kumbha after the devastation wrought by Alauddin Khilji’s siege nearly a century earlier.

Sacred Temples of Shiva and Devi

In addition to Vaishnavite sites, Chittorgarh is home to numerous temples dedicated to Lord Shiva and Devi Parvati. Among these, the Kalika Mata Temple and Amba Devi Temple stand out for their religious importance and architectural beauty, continuing to attract devotees and tourists.

The Impact of Invaders on Chittorgarh’s Religious Sites

Despite its spiritual richness, Chittorgarh’s temples did not remain untouched by history’s turmoil. Invaders, especially during the Mughal sieges, caused extensive damage. It is recorded that Akbar destroyed at least 56 temples during his conquest, all of which were originally constructed or patronised by the Sisodia royal family, attesting to both the scale and the cultural loss endured.

A Structure Near the Meera Temple

Adjacent to the Meera Temple, remnants of structures from Chittorgarh’s golden era remain, evoking the spiritual ambience that once flourished here. These ruins symbolise resilience amidst destruction, a poignant reminder of the fort’s layered past.

Visiting Chittorgarh offers much more than a glimpse of heroic sacrifices; it reveals a vibrant canvas of religious tolerance, royal patronage, and poetic devotion. From the sanctity of Meera Bai’s story to the delicate art of the Kumbha Shyam Temple and the tranquil waters of ancient Kunds, Chittorgarh invites travellers not only to witness history but also to connect deeply with the spiritual soul of Rajputana. Here are some of the photos I clicked.

Rana Kumbha's Chattri in Kumbha Shyaam Temple complex


A structure near the Meera Temple






Architecture at the Meera Temple




Meera Bai's Original Girdhar




Pillars of the Kumbha Shyaam Temple


Vishnu Talab

Gaumukh Kund
Nandi at the Shiva temple

Samaddhiswara Temple




The temple was destroyed by Akbar.




Meera Bai Temple



Popular posts from this blog

Battle of Haldighati

There have been a lot of talks going on regarding  who won the Battle of Haldighati.  While some want to change what we read and say that the Maharana won it, many oppose the point with a Mughal victory. Here, I compile every account I found of the Battle and its Aftermath and make my unbiased conclusion on the topic. PS. The dates vary from book to book; I gave the ones I found in most sources. The Background: Relation with Mughals Mewar was one of Rajputana's strongest individual kingdoms, along with the likes of Marwar and Kacchawar (Jaipur). Long before the Mughals under Akbar, Mewar under Rana Sangram Singh had successfully managed to keep the "Turk Invaders" under Babar at bay, fighting 17 wars, big and small. The relationship was further questioned when, during the invasion from Saurashtra, Sanga's widow, Rani Karnavati, had written to Mughal Emperor Humayun for help, sending him a rakhi. Contrary to popular belief, Humayun had rested on his way from Gaur (Beng...

Chandra's Choice: The Story of Dhruvasvamini

More often than not, the private lives of kings and the existence of their queens remain in the words of bards rather than those of chroniclers. Dhruvasvamini is no different, even after being the queen of the golden age of the Indian Subcontinent. She appears in the Basarh Clay Seal as the mother of Govinda Gupta (attributed as a sibling of Kumara Gupta I) and the queen wife of Chandra Gupta II or Vikramaditya. Except for one mention of Dhruva Devi, as she is popularly known, she remains a mysterious character in the Gupta lineage, with a side mention in the dynasty’s history. Visakhadatta, a famous poet and playwright, who later wrote DeviChandraGuptam as the play capturing the life of Chandra Gupta II, captured Dhruva Devi as one of the protagonists of his story. Although some scholars attribute Visakhadatta to be under the patronage of Chandra Gupta II himself when he wrote this story, many historians debate the literary work as a historical fiction written much after his time. Tru...

The Timurid Empress

Ruqaiya Sultana Begum  was born to Babur's second surviving son, Hindal Mirza, and his wife, Sultanam Begum, in 1542 C.E., merely a few months after Hamida Banu gave birth to the heir Jalaluddin Mohammad Akbar. She was well-versed in Persian, Urdu and Arabic and was attracted to poetry and music. Being a proud descendant of the Timurid clan, most of Rukaiya's childhood was spent in Kabul, near the Bagh E Babur, built by Babur himself. From early childhood, she had seen the struggle of her family to regain their lost power in Hind. Miniature of Rukaiya Begum as Empress In 1551 C.E., just after her father died young at a battle for Humayun, leaving her and her mother in the harem of the emperor, it was Hamida Banu who wanted the marriage of Rukaiya to her first cousin, Akbar. Theirs was the first in-house marriage of the Mughals, soon to be followed by many more in the generations to come. At the mere age of nine, she had married the crown prince, and when Humayun won back Lahore...

Etched In Stone

This historical short story is a fictitious account of Ashoka, the Mauryan Emperor and his first wife Devi, who finds no place in Magadhan History. There is another fiction about her in the blog as well. This story stemmed from a merge of two ideas, one was to mention the cave inscription found in Saru Maru that mentions Asoka spending some days there with his lover (presumed to be Devi), the other idea of how if words did not immortalise a lot of battles and achievements, the names of many great men would be lost in time. The prince stood on the edge of the cliff, looking at the horizon. Dawn arrived as the birds started leaving their nests, wings fluttering, eager to discover the world. He looked up at them, the thought of once again going back to exploring the length and breadth of his state making him feel a little restless as he eyed his healing wounds. He was left to die; his enemies wished so. Yet by some miracle of fate, as if his purposes were yet to be fulfilled, here he was ...

Maharana Pratap: The Sun of Mewar

Many of you have read my fan fiction as well as historical representations of the life and times of Maharana Pratap Singh of Mewar. I provided small details of his life in many articles. But never have I ever made a separate historical post on him. It is very difficult to put together his life without the help of folklore because historical evidence is scarce. This one was requested, and hence here it goes. Needless to say, this one is very special. This is a blend of history and folklore. Leave your love. ❤️ Background and Birth: The year was 1540. Mewar was under a cloud of uncertainty. Banbir, their ruler for four years now, was a very incompetent ruler who always spent his time in luxury, drinking and dancing with girls. The crown prince Udai Singh was rumoured to have been killed by him. Chittorgarh was in darkness. Around March 1540, Mewar once again saw hope as some trusted generals, along with Kunwar Udai Singh, attacked Chittorgarh, taking Banbir by surprise. He was soon t...

Rani Padmini: The Valiant Queen

This story is a retelling of some parts of Malik Mohammad Jayasi's Padmavat, which was a historical fiction poem written in 1540, about 200 years after the siege of Chittorgarh by Allauddin Khilji. Historically, the Rajputs of Mewar didn't keep accounts of their queens, even by name, so the name Padmini or Padmavati was made up by Jayasi to represent the women of Chittor who chose the Jauhar. Historically speaking, Allauddin Khilji wanted the trade route to Surat for himself, which went through Mewar and Rana Ratan Singh, a patron of art, was not known for his military skills. So when Khilji surrounded the fort, the only way out was the Saka and Jauhar. Rani Padmini's Jauhar, as it is now popularly called, is also not the first Jauhar Khilji witnessed. The Jauhars of Ranthambore and Jaisalmer happened before he attacked Chittorgarh. Also, the act of Jauhar happened as early as the Greek invasions of Porus's state, when it is described as the "Mass immolation of Sat...

Haldighati: The Battlefield

The year was 1576 CE. Four years had passed since Maharana Pratap’s coronation as the ruler of Mewar in 1572 CE. In those years, the land simmered not just with heat but with tension. The Timurid emperor Akbar, determined to fulfil his imperial vision, had sent not one, but three peace emissaries with Man Singh and Bhagwan Das leading them, between 1573 and 1575 CE, offering reconciliation in carefully worded treaties. But the wounds of Chittorgarh’s fall in 1568 CE were fresh for Pratap. With the blood and tears of Jauhar and Saka still alive, with the thousands mercilessly killed, there would be no peace without freedom. Pratap was no ordinary king, to be driven just by his zeal. He was a strategist, steeped as much in statecraft as in pride. When Man Singh came in 1575 CE with yet another offer, he was quick to realise that Akbar was reluctant to an out-and-out battle with Mewar. Pratap chose not to appear himself, sending his heir, Amar Singh, instead, stating that kings met kings...

A Veranda Vendetta

  “Outrage in Calcutta; Terrorist Raid, British Officer Murdered”   Read the headlines of The Times on Tuesday, 9 th  of December, 1930 . 1930: A significant year 1930 was a very significant year in the history of India’s Freedom Struggle against the British Raj. The Indian National Congress went ahead to declare the 26 th  of January as India’s Independence Day, celebrating it nationwide; the Civil Disobedience Movement was officially started by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, and Subhas Chandra Bose was arrested for participating in the same. On 18 th  April, Surya Sen, better known as MasterDa, had done the unthinkable, raiding the British Armoury with his students and fellow teachers at Chittagong. He was still on the loose, yet to be found.  In this year of growing protests against the colonisers, an incident emerged that shook the British at their old capital. The Bengal Volunteers Corps was a group of volunteers organised in the 1928 Calcutta session of ...

The Suta Putra

He was born as the eldest son of the Princess of Kuntibhoj. She was unmarried and had a bright future ahead of her. She did not want to sabotage her life and future for the unwanted child. She wrapped him in a blanket and decided to float him on the River, hoping the Mother Goddess would safely deliver him to someone. His father, the Sun God himself, was sympathetic to her plight and, for the safety of his son, provided him with a set of golden Kavach and Kundal (A set of earrings and a locket/beads/armour) to protect him. These were powerful enough to save him from any weapon. The currents took the baby far away to the land of Hastinapur. The royal charioteer Adhirath and his wife Radha were bathing there and praying to the Sun God for a child. A basket floated past them with a baby in it. They picked the baby up and decided to call him their son. Growing up, he wanted to learn archery and train as a Kshatriya, much to the objection of his parents. He went to Parasurama, the teacher o...

Soul and Afterlife

It is believed that a human's existence has two parts, namely the body and the soul. The body is the  Nashyar(mortal)  part, and the soul is the immortal one. A human's body can never be immortal; what can pass on to the afterlife and be immortal is the soul.  The main aspect of Spirituality is searching for the inner soul.  The emotions in man are said to be in full control of his will through spirituality. When a man has full control over his emotions, he comes close to his inner soul and moves above the feelings of want, desire, sadness, anger, greed, lust, jealousy or happiness. This takes man closer to the immortality of his soul and thus sets him free from the cycle of life.  All great religious leaders and reformers, from Prophet Mohammad and Lord Jesus to Mahavir, Guru Nanak and Sri Chaitanya, sought spirituality to discover their true calling and find purpose to teach people ways of life through religious preachings. While some preach the concept of the...